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污水（英文：sewage,wastewater）受一定污染的來自生活和生產(chǎn)的排出水

生活污水、畜禽飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)污水以及制革、洗毛、屠宰業(yè)和醫(yī)院等排出的廢水，常含有各種病原體，如病毒、
病菌、寄生蟲。水體受到病原體的污染會(huì)傳播疾病，如血吸蟲病、霍亂、傷寒、痢疾、病毒性肝炎等。
歷史上流行的瘟疫，有的就是水媒型傳染病。如1848年和1854年英國(guó)兩次霍亂流行，死亡萬余人；
1892年德國(guó)漢堡霍亂流行，死亡750余人，均是水污染引起的。

市政污水處理工程(缺氧+傳統(tǒng)活性污泥法)

某污水處理廠是安徽修建的一座大型污水處理廠。該廠的建設(shè)引進(jìn)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、監(jiān)控裝置和設(shè)備，提高污水處理效率，充分利用生物能，節(jié)約能耗，節(jié)省用地，降低工程造價(jià)和運(yùn)行成本。

該污水處理廠的工藝設(shè)計(jì)，在進(jìn)行各種工藝方案比較的基礎(chǔ)上，仍選用鼓風(fēng)曝氣的設(shè)計(jì)方案。其理由是大型污水處理廠采用鼓風(fēng)曝氣工藝管理簡(jiǎn)便、運(yùn)行可靠。該污水處理廠肖化吸收了國(guó)外的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，對(duì)每個(gè)單項(xiàng)構(gòu)筑物及污水、污泥處理的細(xì)部方案都作了改進(jìn)，如進(jìn)水泵房及污水量計(jì)量的自動(dòng)控制、洗砂排砂、排泥濃度控制、溶解氧白控、脫氨反硝化工藝、二沉池出水槽新工藝、消化池投泥方式、大型消化池的沼氣攪拌、沼氣發(fā)電升壓聯(lián)網(wǎng)、沼氣鍋爐及排泥閥、可調(diào)堰、細(xì)格柵等先進(jìn)技術(shù)都在該廠得到了應(yīng)用。

 本廠污水處理系統(tǒng)分4個(gè)系列，4個(gè)圓形初沉池排成一行，4個(gè)曝氣池組成田字形，8座二沉池設(shè)在廠區(qū)南側(cè)，臨近北塘排水河，使處理出水可就近排人河道。污泥處理區(qū)設(shè)在廠的西北角，5個(gè)消化池組成梅花形，污泥處理的控制室設(shè)在5個(gè)捎化池的中央。北側(cè)設(shè)有兩個(gè)沼氣儲(chǔ)罐、污泥脫水機(jī)房和沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)房等。

 設(shè)備：

    進(jìn)水格柵是污水處理廠的第一道預(yù)處理設(shè)施。該廠設(shè)6臺(tái)垂直格柵，由計(jì)算機(jī)程序控制。高水位時(shí)格柵清污機(jī)將連續(xù)工作，運(yùn)送格柵攔截的浮渣的皮帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)與格柵清污機(jī)聯(lián)鎖運(yùn)行，在所有格柵停止工作后，皮帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)仍將繼續(xù)運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間。

    6臺(tái)垂直格柵每臺(tái)寬2m，柵條凈距25 mm。

    進(jìn)水泵房

 設(shè)6臺(tái)HLWB-10型立式渦殼混流泵，5用1備。

  泵房設(shè)有6個(gè)控制水位，控制5臺(tái)泵的運(yùn)行。為避免個(gè)別水泵負(fù)荷偏重而反復(fù)起動(dòng)，水泵將依次循環(huán)投人運(yùn)行。當(dāng)某臺(tái)泵因故障停止工作時(shí)，另一臺(tái)泵將自動(dòng)投入運(yùn)行。

    8臺(tái)曲面格柵設(shè)在沉砂池的端部。每臺(tái)格柵寬度1.2m，柵條曲率半徑2.0 m，柵條凈距10m。

    每臺(tái)格柵的清污動(dòng)作根據(jù)水位模擬信號(hào)由計(jì)算機(jī)控制。當(dāng)水位差處于正常值時(shí)，清污工作將按設(shè)定時(shí)間動(dòng)作；當(dāng)前后水位差超過設(shè)定值時(shí)，清污工作將連續(xù)進(jìn)行。如果清污工作連續(xù)操作時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)，計(jì)算機(jī)將發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào)。

    曲面格柵刮出的浮渣落在皮帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)上，皮帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)的運(yùn)行與格柵清污機(jī)聯(lián)鎖，清污工作停止后，運(yùn)輸機(jī)仍將運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間。   

    曝氣沉砂池設(shè)有6條廊道，每條長(zhǎng)30m、寬4m、深4.3m，水力停留時(shí)間約6min。

    池內(nèi)設(shè)有振動(dòng)空氣(VIBRAIR)曝氣器648個(gè)，供氣量為5184立方米/小時(shí)。全池設(shè)兩座吸砂工作橋，每個(gè)工作橋上有3個(gè)空氣提砂裝置，負(fù)責(zé)3條廊道的吸砂。污穢的砂水被提升到洗砂槽，經(jīng)攪拌后，有機(jī)物隨洗砂水流回進(jìn)水泵房，砂水被送至分砂機(jī)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步脫水。分砂機(jī)設(shè)在進(jìn)水泵房的上部建筑頂層，以便脫水的砂粒流入砂斗運(yùn)走。

    吸砂工作橋用行程開關(guān)控制，其上設(shè)有刮渣設(shè)施，以清除池內(nèi)浮渣。空氣提砂裝置要求注續(xù)工作，由計(jì)算機(jī)控制。當(dāng)空氣壓縮機(jī)發(fā)生故障時(shí)，備用機(jī)可自動(dòng)投入。空氣壓縮機(jī)、分砂機(jī)和泵的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)由計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控，如出現(xiàn)故障將自動(dòng)報(bào)警。

    初沉池曾設(shè)計(jì)了矩形和圓形兩種方案，從運(yùn)行管理、占地和混凝土用量等方面進(jìn)行比較，認(rèn)為圓形輻流式沉淀池設(shè)備運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)可靠、管理簡(jiǎn)便，故采用了4座配有周邊驅(qū)動(dòng)全橋式刮混機(jī)的輻流式沉淀池，直徑達(dá)60m，水深4.5 m，沉淀時(shí)間2.26h。

    初沉池運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵是排泥，4座池輪流排泥的程序由計(jì)算機(jī)控制。每個(gè)排泥閥靠頻率/時(shí)間自動(dòng)操作。其功率/時(shí)間將根據(jù)計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)到的污泥濃度和流量束進(jìn)行調(diào)整。排泥閥分兩部分，啟用的是電動(dòng)閥門，排泥口用的是可手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)的升降閥，該閥屬非標(biāo)設(shè)備。

    為防止排泥系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)堵塞故障，在兩座初沉池間設(shè)一座污泥泵房。安裝GF單螺桿泵4臺(tái)，兩座泵房共裝8臺(tái)污泥泵。污泥泵按頻率鄺j問自動(dòng)操作，并由計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行調(diào)整，兩座污泥泵房交替運(yùn)行，在泵房的出口處設(shè)有污泥濃度模擬測(cè)量裝置，污泥進(jìn)人濃縮池前進(jìn)行

流量檢測(cè)。這些信號(hào)進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)后，將用于計(jì)算污泥的排放量，以調(diào)整排泥技術(shù)上頻率和排混的持續(xù)時(shí)間。

濟(jì)寧天通設(shè)備有限公司是一家從事水處理設(shè)備生產(chǎn)、銷售集一體化的企業(yè)，經(jīng)過不斷的努力在國(guó)內(nèi)外獲得了供不應(yīng)求的大好市場(chǎng)，贏得了客戶的一致好評(píng)。多年的發(fā)展歷程，公司始終堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新、品質(zhì)、服務(wù)、敬業(yè)、感恩的理念。采納新創(chuàng)意，嚴(yán)格質(zhì)量，全方位的服務(wù)跟蹤，堅(jiān)持做出高品質(zhì)產(chǎn)品。

我公司主要產(chǎn)品：水處理設(shè)備，污水處理設(shè)備、廢水處理設(shè)備、工業(yè)污水設(shè)備、農(nóng)業(yè)廢水設(shè)備、雨水凈水設(shè)備、醫(yī)院污水設(shè)備、鋼廠廢水設(shè)備、屠宰場(chǎng)廢水設(shè)備、食品廠廢水處理設(shè)備等多種設(shè)備，可根據(jù)要求專業(yè)定制水處理設(shè)備。

Sewage (sewage, wastewater) from life and production of contaminated water

Wastewater from domestic sewage, livestock and poultry farms, and effluent from tannery, hair washing, slaughtering and hospitals often contain various pathogens, such as viruses,

Germs, parasites. The water body is contaminated by the pathogen, such as schistosomiasis, cholera, typhoid, dysentery, viral hepatitis and so on.

The history of epidemic plague, some waterborne infectious diseases. For example, in 1848 and 1854, two cholera was popular in Britain and more than 10000 people died.

In 1892, Hamburg cholera was popular in Germany, and more than 750 people died, all of which were caused by water pollution.

Municipal sewage treatment project (anoxia + traditional activated sludge process)

A sewage treatment plant is a large sewage treatment plant built in the Wuhu room. The key technologies, monitoring devices and equipment are introduced to improve the efficiency of sewage treatment, make full use of bio energy, save energy, save land and reduce project cost and operation cost.

On the basis of the comparison of various technological schemes, the design scheme of air blast aeration is still used in the process design of the sewage treatment plant. The reason is that the large sewage treatment plant uses blast aeration technology to be easy to manage and operate reliably. The sewage treatment plant Xiao of absorbing foreign advanced technology, sewage and sludge treatment structures and the detail scheme of each individual were improved, such as the pump room and sewage metering automatic control, sand washing, sand mud concentration control, dissolved oxygen control, white ammonia denitrification process two, sedimentation tank tank process, digestion tank, large investment mud digester biogas stirring, biogas power generation, biogas boiler and boost network mud valve, adjustable weir, fine grid and other advanced technologies are applied in the factory.

The sewage treatment system of our factory is divided into 4 series, 4 circular primary settling tanks are arranged in one row, 4 aeration tanks form a field shape, and 8 sets of two sedimentation tanks are located on the south side of the factory area, near the drainage river of Beitang, so that the treated water can be drained near the river. The sludge treatment area is located in the northwest corner of the factory. The 5 digests are composed of plum blossom shape, and the control room of sludge treatment is located in the center of the 5 carrier pools. There are two biogas storage tanks, sludge dewatering machine room and biogas generator room on the north side.

Equipment:

The inlet grille is the first pretreatment facility for the sewage treatment plant. The plant has 6 vertical grille, which is controlled by computer program. When the water level is high, the grille cleaning machine will interlock and run continuously with the grille intercepting scum belt conveyor and the grille cleaning machine. After all grille stops, the belt conveyor will continue to run for a period of time.

6 vertical grille is 2m with a width of 25 mm.

Inflow pump room

There are 6 HLWB-10 vertical vortex shell mixed flow pumps, 5 for 1.

The pump room has 6 control water levels to control the operation of 5 pumps. In order to avoid the heavy load of individual pumps, the pump will circulate and run in turn. When a pump stops working because of a failure, the other pump will be put into operation automatically.

8 curved grille are located at the end of the sand sink. The width of each grid is 1.2m, the radius of curvature of the gate is 2 m, and the net distance of the gate bar is 10m.

The cleaning action of each grid is controlled by the computer according to the analog signal of the water level. When the water level difference is in the normal value, the cleaning work will act according to the setting time; when the current water level difference exceeds the set value, the cleaning work will be carried out continuously. If the cleaning work is too long for a long time, the computer will send out the alarm signal.

The scum scraped from the surface grille falls on the belt conveyor. The operation of the belt conveyor is interlocked with the grille cleaning machine. After the cleaning operation is stopped, the transporter will still run for a period of time.

The aeration and sand sedimentation tank has 6 corridors with a length of 30m, wide 4m and deep 4.3m, and the hydraulic retention time is about 6min.

The tank has a vibratory air (VIBRAIR) aerator with 648 gas supply of 5184 cubic meters per hour. There are two sand suction working bridges in the whole pool. There are 3 air lifting devices on each working bridge, which is responsible for the sand suction of the 3 corridors. The polluted sand is raised to the sand washing tank. After mixing, the organic matter is returned to the pump room with the flow of sand washing. The sand water is sent to the sanding machine for further dehydration. The sand separator is located on the top floor of the upper building of the inlet pump room, so that the dehydrated sand is flowing into the sand bucket.

The sand suction working bridge is controlled by a stroke switch, and a slag scraping facility is provided to remove the slag in the pool. The air lifting device requires continuous work and is controlled by a computer. When the air compressor fails, the standby machine can be automatically put into operation. The operating state of air compressor, sanding machine and pump is monitored by computer. If failure occurs, it will alarm automatically.

The primary settling tank was designed with rectangular and circular two schemes were compared from the operation and management, and the amount of concrete covers and so on, that circular radial flow sedimentation tank equipment, reliable operation, convenient management, so the use of the 4 seat equipped with peripheral drive full bridge scraping mixer the radial flow sedimentation tank, diameter of 60m the depth of 4.5 m, precipitation time 2.26h.

The key to the operation of the initial sedimentation tank is the sludge discharge, and the program for the 4 pools to drain the mud is controlled by the computer. Each sludge discharge valve is operated automatically by frequency / time. The power / time will be adjusted according to the sludge concentration and flow beam monitored by the computer. The sludge discharge valve is divided into two parts, which is operated by electric valve. The mud outlet is a manual adjustable lift valve. This valve belongs to non standard equipment.

In order to prevent the plugging of the sludge system, a sludge pump room is set up between the two primary sedimentation tanks. Installation of GF single screw pump 4 units, two pump rooms with a total of 8 Sludge pumps. The sludge pump is automatically operated at the frequency Kuang J, and is adjusted by the computer. Two sludge pump houses